Educational and technical articles exploring the International Space Station, SpaceX Starlink, Tiangong, SAR radars, space debris, orbital mechanics, and satellite spotting.
← Launch 3D Satellite SimulatorOrbital mechanics at 400km altitude, 7.7 km/s velocity, why the ISS shines brighter than Venus, and spotting guides.
Explore low Earth orbit broadband mesh networks and how to spot newly launched Starlink satellite trains.
Discover the Tianhe core module, Wentian and Mengtian science labs, and the upcoming Xuntian telescope.
How SAR active microwave radars image Earth 24/7 through clouds and darkness with millimeter precision.
Hypervelocity collision physics, the 2009 Iridium-Cosmos crash, runaway cascade risks, and active debris removal.
How Kepler's Third Law balances Earth's sidereal rotation at 35,786 km, Himawari weather surveillance, and graveyard orbits.
High-elevation satellite coverage over urban canyons and CLAS centimeter-level positioning for autonomous mobility.
Visible vs infrared astronomy, 540 km LEO vs 1.5 million km Lagrange Point L2, and searching for the first cosmic stars.
The math behind SatViewer3D. Decoding NORAD TLE parameters, Keplerian elements, J2 gravitational perturbations, and SGP4.
How to spot satellites with the naked eye, the golden twilight window, and using SatViewer3D for sky tracking.